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      小升初英語語法常識(shí)

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      1#
      發(fā)表于 2019-12-7 02:43:27 | 只看該作者 |倒序?yàn)g覽 |閱讀模式
      一、
      1 p8 z2 h2 {: i! f
      表現(xiàn)某一事物,有具體的和抽象的之分。分為可數(shù)名詞和不成數(shù)名詞。
      2 H0 Y/ b" ]2 ?! s, l夸大:不成數(shù)名詞都默以為單數(shù),所以老是用is或者was;最好不要依據(jù)some、any、a lot of等詞往作判
      * J  u, n! _! R4 m0 ]
      斷,以免受誤導(dǎo)。
      " I+ x, |9 {& y8 I! f, v
      1、可數(shù)名詞若何變復(fù)數(shù)情勢(shì)
      ' r& Y; |/ t9 B% J0 s6 aa.一般情形下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ;讀音3庠皰子音后讀<strike>,濁子音和
      ' g: z8 u7 X: X6 Q
      元音后讀[z]。& J: h) D* a# f: D' x/ |- q
      b.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches ;讀音:[iz]
      ! `0 H+ I0 r+ a; o0 o, M/ Z2 rc.以子音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變yi, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries ;讀音:[z]
      / a# m. B- V' ld.以“ffe”結(jié)尾,變ffev, 再加-es,如:knife-knives ,thief-thieves;讀音:[z]。
      ! d8 i4 u* d) b- |e.以“o”結(jié)尾的詞,分兩種情形

      5 R8 {4 N  ~7 C! m
      1)有性命的+es  讀音:[z]  如:mango-mangoes  tomato-tomatoes  hero-heroes
      1 [/ ], M/ I2 M: _, {' v
      2) 無性命的+s   讀音:[z]  如:photo-photos     radio-radios
      ( \0 j) s( J" E. Y
      f. 不規(guī)矩名詞復(fù)數(shù): man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,  
      ) z7 x* g( I4 y* @4 o
      snowman-snowmen, mouse-mice, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish,

      . t, z5 W1 K1 E7 A. k
      people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese
        [- W/ K4 i( X, [' g1 S  2、不成數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)。假如要盤算不成數(shù)名詞所表達(dá)的數(shù)目,就得在數(shù)詞和不成數(shù)名詞之間加上

      - a7 t/ l4 Q' i
      +of”。例如:a glass of water, a piece of ***, a bottle of juice
      0 n/ i6 I8 F1 e1 Q3 |- U" j判定步調(diào):/ j' e7 R" b5 u, a
                                                        ↗如是am、iswas→本相
      % K4 \7 n( R1 g讀句子讀該單詞熟悉該單詞懂得意思be動(dòng)詞
      $ S0 K$ y  ~( ]: F                                                  ↘如是arewere→ses, \' S& M. M6 m5 ], e. L
      練一練:; ]2 t; O8 e! K1 Q
      1、寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。
      8 ]5 A0 R" `, h3 p6 i# H( SI _________  him _________  this _______   her ______     watch _______   mango_______child _______ photo ________ diary ______   day________  foot________ dress ________ tooth_______

      % `# _8 L8 @* W6 q3 I& u! O4 i2 Z
      sheep ______   box_______  strawberry _____ thief _______ engineer______ peach______
      - k! ^: o" ^- p: Z4 R) R* ~# ]
      sandwich ______   man______   woman_______  leaf_______   people________# K! U4 x5 }' w! K4 k+ g
      2、用所給名詞的┞俘確情勢(shì)填空。
      6 R' |$ U( P, N2 f3 q/ L1Are there two                ( box ) on the table?
      . j2 {% o4 S2 {) z1 _! n2I can see some                 ( people ) in the cinema.$ F1 @0 F; m( |1 Q+ @3 m" q" g
      3How many                 ( day ) are there in a week?
      1 Y  v- M+ @4 p5 O% b+ v- [4Here’re five                ( bottle ) of                  ( juice ) for you./ J. m" }: U" l5 p/ q' |
      5This                ( violin ) is hers. Those                ( grape ) are over there.
      ; S2 h" w" T) C) Y5 ]5 C8 g3 w

      5 a) e8 M0 x; M5 O, X" |) ^) R

      8 N  i5 J( v8 ~  v
      二、冠  
      1 N6 V4 t! I8 |' z
      冠詞是一種虛詞,不克不及自力應(yīng)用,凡是放在名詞的前面,分為不定冠詞定冠詞兩種。. g: E" C. @( s) I5 `! X- ?4 y
      1、不定冠詞:aan。用在單數(shù)名詞前,表現(xiàn)一個(gè),一件……”。an用在以元音音素開首的單詞前。如:
      + _2 |3 Q0 T) d. D9 I, ?- V. E3 j
      an e-mail, an orange, an old man, an English watch, an hour…
      ! d; K8 C/ x+ ^. @2、定冠詞:the。用在單數(shù)或者復(fù)數(shù)名詞前。the沒有具體意思,有時(shí)翻譯為這、那。它的基礎(chǔ)用法:
      9 M. ]  G, ?" y1 Q4 D  1)用來表現(xiàn)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。如:The map on the wall is new.
      5 Z  B3 o- ^/ W/ \  G5 Z& }  2)表現(xiàn)措辭者兩邊都知道的人或事物。如:Look at the picture, please.
      / @) H3 G1 @+ ]3 y) V6 Y  3)表現(xiàn)再次提到前面談過的人或事物。如:This is a stamp. The stamp is beautiful.; w$ x7 c6 z8 }; _
        4)用在表現(xiàn)世界上并世無雙的事物前。如:the sun太陽  the moon月亮  the earth地球
      * C/ q( M3 f# O5 A6 e  5)用在由通俗名詞組成的專著名詞前。如:the Great Wall長(zhǎng)城
      ( i" c$ P8 y' i5 Y# T0 P6 H  6)用在江河、湖海等專著名詞前。如:the Changjiang River長(zhǎng)江
      ; r* w; }+ e8 j; h" X# O  7)此外,序數(shù)詞、形容詞第一流、樂器名稱檔故前面和一些習(xí)習(xí)用語中一般都用定冠詞the。如:

      1 |# X9 o6 Y+ x; Z/ K
      the first day, the best boy, play the piano, in the same class. U- ?4 N4 l% Z4 t+ K
      斷定用a、an仍是the時(shí)可依據(jù)漢語意思。
      4 ]" v' v8 A) t  Y$ U: W: N5 u練一練:" W! Q4 @$ X! A& [
      1、用aan填空。. A; b5 Q- E) k  F9 v. a
              ____ “U”         ____ ice-cream            ____  goalkeeper           ____ teapot            ____apple$ H+ Q4 p0 t, D( K. H& A- N. t
             ____office     ____English book        ____umbrella        ____unit               ____hour            3 |- K- _; n+ v& P1 }+ F& ?
      2、依據(jù)須要,填寫冠詞a,anthe。
      / |6 y" X( b- B) y+ X( @' @1Who is ____girl behind ____tree?' b. V1 z9 ~! a' |: v& `
      2 ____old man has two children, ____ son and ____daughter.
      * ~5 a0 m4 S, Z- S3This is  ____ orange.   ____ orange is Lucy’s.. o9 d. A- t2 v7 ?6 A) C: F- Y
      4He likes playing ____guitar. We have ____same hobby.' _* o' Y( ^- @( ~5 T
      5We all had____good time last Sunday.1 \3 B# h9 \9 d
      6She wants to be____doctor.

      . J% A( |5 Z7 [4 ~
      * b- Z$ b# H2 p9 R* `* ^
      " i4 h& m" R2 A  P7 ]: R1 h2 [
      三, 數(shù)
      ; i9 u' E6 E  O8 x# R3 v7 Y
      我們學(xué)過兩類:基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)用于表現(xiàn)數(shù)目幾多,而基數(shù)詞用于表現(xiàn)順序,常在日期中呈現(xiàn)。差別:基數(shù)詞前面沒有“the”;序數(shù)詞前必定要有“the”。
      ) z5 L: r0 R$ w. z9 s* x$ m1、跨越二十以上的兩位數(shù)須要在個(gè)位和十位之間加上“-”。如:21  twenty-one
      6 b2 K% l# `- G2、三位數(shù)以上的則須要在百位數(shù)后再加上and。如:101  a/one hundred and one
      , l$ U9 E, H% e  [+ E2 D9 `3、用基數(shù)詞來潤(rùn)飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí),必定別忘了它的復(fù)數(shù)情勢(shì)。如:十八個(gè)男孩  eighteen boys, ^6 W* E9 Z2 o1 \
      4、用基數(shù)詞潤(rùn)飾不成數(shù)名詞時(shí),如是復(fù)數(shù),變它的量詞為復(fù)數(shù)。
      ' q) s% `3 Q# \9 L/ M* W0 H
      如:兩碗米飯  two bowls of rice1 i, l$ v. C! f3 T, H
      5、序數(shù)詞一般加“th”,特別的有:first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth以及二十及二
      ! \# V  C4 x6 B$ }- p
      十以外的┞符十:twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth… “第幾十幾3庠鳶面整十不變,后面改為序

      ( K, d( h# J7 j2 p* m
      數(shù)詞。如:88  eighty-eighth
      $ V( l) z9 s0 f0 l練一練:! _* v# l0 S2 C
      1、請(qǐng)翻譯下列短語。 + E7 |. }& s6 `4 K
      160論理學(xué)生                              215本英語書                              * V+ y. K6 @* Q8 i6 L) e+ t" y
      3)九杯涼水                               44個(gè)孩子                                
      7 o& Z2 R+ E- N! \51231                                 662                                 
      % K/ \" M' _! m1 w7 m) v' e- [" m7)第九周                                  840年前                                 
      # i2 g& Z. J# f0 s911+7                                     10)上學(xué)第一天                           
      9 O8 v2 {; q/ ^: S" G; f5 ~2、把下列基數(shù)詞改成序數(shù)詞。+ l1 j5 v+ U9 m1 g9 F
      one---                      two---                       three---                      nine---                 
      2 {5 H) ]$ g3 G5 L) @8 Vfourteen---                     twenty---                      thirty-five---                     eighty-one
      7 R$ ]' N2 m5 K. ]
      , |- [1 V0 i& E- E3 E

      0 P" ]4 ?7 S& Y. _

      ( u8 K5 ^6 m% m) [+ d9 ~
      四、代  

      4 t) e# p# z  g
      代詞有兩種:人稱代詞和物主代詞。: G* `" P* i/ V, |  X! g
      1、人稱代詞分為:第一、第二、第三人稱,且有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。( x. E& x( F0 F4 Y1 |: ^/ b
      2、人稱代詞的主格在句中做主語,一般用在動(dòng)詞前(疑問句除外);賓格在句中做賓語,多  
      + M& H9 M$ S  U; _) s+ b% n
      用于動(dòng)詞、介詞后。6 m# @# i. R2 o
      3、形容詞性物主代詞起形容詞的感化,后面必定要跟名詞,表現(xiàn)該名詞是屬于誰的。. T. ?" ]* j  H( Q
      4、名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞。如:
      % ?+ {: \2 S- G0 d' @5 ~! L" J   This is my bag. = This is mine.  That is her ruler. = That is hers.
      " X! D+ i8 m+ r3 Q% M: ~一般看后面有沒著名詞,若有,就用形容詞性物主代詞;如無,就用名詞性物主代詞。
      0 u* h2 t  u+ [" @    請(qǐng)服膺下表:

      % S+ X9 }0 R& }1 m, k
      / c* n( ~8 C: \4 n
       
      * b4 e6 S; ]$ G5 {
      4 d% [, Z& ?0 S, A: ]; `9 D* b
      單數(shù)

      ( v5 W  V% D& D* J+ Z9 J6 H8 ]2 L4 z

      ) s3 e4 ^* _$ y7 V0 g
       

      + ]- e6 h" E  S! W; p

      5 s" t# U6 f9 d$ @2 P" C
      復(fù)數(shù)
      0 F3 W/ a, X. g) z* `- u1 W
      5 W% R7 y7 V; J8 r' q- r
      人稱  代詞
      5 I; w* b' }$ x3 H. `3 O6 {
      8 x+ \( P# W3 T+ x9 Y' K* [
      主格
      , U8 y  C* j% `8 g

      9 F! G0 z: A' `5 o6 G* B. Y( [4 s1 T
      I

        S2 w) E! |( D  z
      " Y  u3 }7 s7 D+ t
      you

      9 i7 P: R- S9 V2 Z; Z. Y
      * Q- Y8 `4 r7 \, K; C# }
      he

      8 C! _1 V, X  ]! L* h0 c, K" X

      & f, {* P+ y" K9 c. W) N; {! }
      she

      9 M8 Z0 D$ N% Y8 t8 E2 p

      , n1 _% b( F7 T3 v8 \
      it

      7 h) h; t2 t8 j# A
      : _) o5 v' {/ A$ {5 u; Y/ G! g
       

        o" A" s; G) ?$ X* \

      4 _7 @7 |: T, r* P3 q
      we
        u' n; X4 U0 g/ ?! M! N: W
      5 G9 o5 @/ v' s; D, Z; k% S) q
      you

      ( m7 |2 q, \" K+ ^
      6 i! L# `( X+ m7 j
      they
      # K2 A. i& N' V4 ^7 L3 r

      1 s( r1 k, F" K: w; i7 l3 j" z: h
      賓格
      % K. _; @; R* P4 W. [( I

      % b6 n( j+ \& Q0 V6 J
      me

      . j* v+ G" `  ~3 s

      0 d) s2 f5 Q8 P2 ]8 B! C- m
      you

      ; X4 f& f# t/ r7 t

      % P) C$ q1 C+ {& C
      him

      4 _+ J! E& @9 q5 O9 W) v6 v

      4 E  h: j* }! M% g; J
      her

      + i3 L* `0 @1 Z8 x8 u9 z
      ' Q* E4 @- k4 t2 j6 D7 L! Z
      it

      ! ^2 N8 s% l! o1 v8 {8 B# b) O
      9 @1 D! u5 J' L" n7 a
      us

      - i+ t2 \- ]5 e2 E) H" c4 b

      9 {; X( a+ J/ I+ e( w( y: @
      you

        e7 j$ q  B: W: c# B4 P. I

        Q( _: B- }3 p/ z; w  z) o5 L
      them

      ' L  B$ H8 F" ~0 r; U* `6 o4 ]5 K
      ! g. h, G% c1 t" ~( }# e: J2 @
      物主  代詞

      ' q( s$ z3 t  `+ C

      5 K6 r2 u; o) ?3 J% D, x
      形容詞性

      " b1 x5 y' H" X$ F7 w; @
      # L8 e; V, C* e7 Z, P& W, f5 I% T
      my
      * u8 y5 h1 E/ |5 W( V9 ^

      3 R( A9 V3 X, z( e, I7 a
      your
      $ X, _$ C/ x- X2 D2 W: m) ?7 C
      ' ]' {, x! ]6 D6 n
      his
      5 Y4 G4 r) _2 b( Q8 s9 c: _

      / }  h9 ^: e% C# ?6 m  u
      her
      ! d$ [% r: I& \+ B: a) s

      , J* d% ?$ p# |
      its
      1 q+ n2 p9 V1 m' ~8 p8 f  P6 \% ^/ L
      # h1 r7 ]& Y8 e6 ^
      our
      1 k# q( d% }& x

        @2 a; n* c8 u6 m, X! I
      your

      ' C% N6 g# J# A" Y+ s

      * A. {9 H6 L: D9 K
      their
      4 z5 T6 p5 N3 a9 z( v

      ; o9 e- Z; G  Z/ K1 w. g4 c7 Y- l
      名詞性

      7 N- n7 k1 p# J" p: _* u

      / d% D! a1 U/ L) @8 P- c
      mine
      / `  Z7 Q3 r, H" t0 ~9 F0 [, a

      ) a" D  e& g) @# `' y
      yours

      0 U4 L4 ?7 ?$ O+ s6 U9 A) L* J; V

      ) y; x6 V' \2 S' M
      his

      " Z: H% z8 Z5 b* z3 ^0 g3 b6 h

      . \1 r0 H+ @: h, A. m* v7 M3 I8 `5 T$ f/ y
      hers
      ( f. Y* j* R1 U6 R4 P) p$ J, G

      7 u9 f9 {) v, a9 @  f
      its
      - {9 p' F8 a8 a6 P( Q5 h$ i
      ' V% p+ F1 M9 T
      ours
      8 @6 o! F) b( O1 ~7 {0 e
      " U) i+ l8 H! j+ ~2 M
      yours
      ' }) H7 R2 P" S% ^. U0 e
      , R" P* l, m$ i* G6 H0 y& A7 _
      theirs

      1 D* C# q: p# r7 H( h3 f

      % z& j0 j" c. O8 h+ F0 p% ~: R
      2 l2 ~2 a0 a, _- `# |
      & e! @' [, }  a; z" @" D* Y; _
      練一練:
      ; a7 x- h9 A9 H3 C) L+ D1、按請(qǐng)求寫出響應(yīng)人稱代詞。
      4 F, S4 Y2 W# V- U; SI(賓格)_______              she(形容詞性物主代詞)_______             we(名詞性物主代詞)_______
      1 A; Y* d6 n4 khe(復(fù)數(shù))_______            us(單數(shù))_______            theirs(主格)_______ its(賓格)_______
      , P3 ]( c$ k* w- y* ~, |% A
      2、想一想,把下表彌補(bǔ)完全。
      9 L: F2 l! z8 j+ t  P
      % ^3 K% y0 u# j& d  W

      4 `% E3 j0 E  t% u0 y  [$ G+ h
      人稱代詞
      & l! b3 G0 ?* W/ X! f5 g; a
      9 U+ k) T' B4 ^+ ^% G. ~" n% Z
      物主代詞
      , A( K" H$ G' h0 W% C6 t

      - B3 E. C0 I( q$ i8 I
      單數(shù)
      , O# }# L5 I, v5 g; `3 L
      ! W2 s4 C8 f7 J: N/ W
      復(fù)數(shù)
      8 o5 b8 ~- y. z7 a6 h8 R- U3 F  _
      / V0 H( a8 K7 @' I$ p$ `5 ^
      單數(shù)

      $ [0 e: t" K) N3 V/ N  Z( J
      0 i9 U( L" C, J$ S0 J
      復(fù)數(shù)

      6 K  g& q8 e! y- Y
      3 s4 R1 ]( O# ^9 V# e
      主格
      0 \% g3 P* M* w% y5 ~

      % C& [( m1 b( A$ j# A
      賓格

      % p3 C4 I9 m1 V" d

      ; Z! \* {9 m2 L/ {3 e: G" q- P
      主格
      , c3 k. r% f" {* m4 E3 e

      8 @2 z/ x+ a$ o8 g+ c& l
      賓格

      " P8 S5 [7 ?" z8 m

      ' E& t1 x; A; }; q5 `2 q
      形容詞性

      " c; y9 D% P& A, N2 f  g0 G
      . w; G! L! h2 o% B2 Y  d
      名詞性

      & B9 N4 p; Y1 U8 g+ [- _0 W4 }, e6 |

      8 n4 ]' L3 p- k7 o: X/ q8 @7 _2 I
      形容詞性
      ! x+ L7 U. I: u) W9 H9 c$ {
      * T6 W' _7 N! v, m( j/ w! R0 j
      名詞性

      2 g" s" e$ V! e: O2 |  d

      2 K6 S7 ~# o  E; Z6 T- ]$ B: d3 x% ~
      第一人稱

      ' l; N6 H1 M# R, V$ n
      : q( _" A# e2 V3 e1 p! t

      8 u8 I- ~% I+ s% W& @& [" {" n+ @
      0 s5 u7 u" X9 Y; S8 m. ^, C, ^% n: P
      me
      & Z$ l( d, Z4 s' r: t, j) J8 V4 [
      , P) S  L; X" U, H% z7 J9 }1 N

      % F. O$ t$ p# A$ B5 G; G. _

      ! G/ x& X: ^/ P, k* w1 C0 E
      us
      9 d+ W. _3 O5 d" `* ?
      + j7 a+ F) J6 v. y" d9 \, f& F" i3 p: w

      5 L5 o; Y- j3 n* Y

      ( w2 L. p) F/ ~& W. X  s9 {
      * r/ A1 _& W7 a
      0 [& k* l/ W& D* t( d/ O7 W# O
      our

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      , K1 P, h$ ]( W" _

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        C( G# G3 }3 L
      第二人稱
      4 S/ C" I& k, u3 E" m4 L

        Y7 y# ~; h: ]7 q+ \7 t
      you

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        J5 Q5 \! ~0 Y/ o
      7 Q, F6 u; \1 ^6 j2 m$ l

      5 ?3 k% w7 L7 }5 \4 q+ B& }# \
      you

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      + O* y1 w5 ~# E/ |. K+ N

      6 h6 Y# j4 h, g

        _$ ^$ N/ }$ `, C$ \

      9 H! B& E8 U1 I% C  G1 h3 M
      ' v% z2 @( Q/ r

      / [5 r% s) V; F% s
      " }- r9 X. }9 U6 O! W! G! ^2 u

      ! m1 T0 C: W( f9 q
      6 a  V7 O( g& x

      6 c7 ^) p  T( `& V0 U- J3 a* @
        I: N* J6 k! V( n! k& d8 n
      第三人稱
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      ! }3 U, G  Z" c/ g" q8 `0 E# L
      he
      9 K5 M4 Z. P2 q5 d# [

      - r) O5 {% R: ^0 B8 s. m* b

      5 d9 P, p1 C- x
      $ A3 w3 d* h( W

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        a# K5 E, r7 Y2 z# D) h" M
      them
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      $ ?. q6 C5 U2 z7 x0 w
      his

      3 s$ d! m0 U3 L2 l
      ( N' z9 n: i9 n; f$ Q1 s2 h
      9 z) J+ w1 I: S5 C" c4 @7 V/ e8 t3 h
      ( q6 }& I" y% S5 X8 t; {! t; `# z. O/ M
      their

      ! H0 c' G) {# S2 E2 y! I1 d

      8 F0 P. ]9 P% z& w# q* n) w' G
      ) t# s& T" s& n3 C! `
      + J, w$ k0 ^, g  Y, e3 v- a
      , ^+ u3 d) D. @% v+ B

      4 n$ w3 `" V) d; r- U$ K) J0 f
      her

      * J, j8 R% Z# B: e$ E! f1 \

      6 t0 a8 Z3 M9 O/ w8 K; e0 F: t

      2 v; D& @' m4 d2 b% [

      7 N( n- ?* i! W3 @: X  K9 \
      6 |8 T) R0 B% u7 }' N8 C

      8 c; z7 v& I3 Y) ?8 O6 d% X
      , N6 {0 u4 x  Z$ q" T, a
      ( P' V! I4 \+ l3 Y, n2 z5 \1 |
      it
      % g8 I: [4 z) w( q. j$ }  R

      ! H; e% ]) e* l, Y. e) M
      4 B5 {; M; u) i- s% n  x) `

      & A3 o# w& C/ |3 ]7 Z' e3 o
      its
        ]& ]) l; F4 ^
      , M" _: D& m7 ]7 `9 O% j

      . ]. u1 P, ^) \. E6 }& ~3 d
      * S  c% E; _0 x; \- o
      3、用所給詞的恰當(dāng)情勢(shì)填空。* y' u, ^$ q1 z8 j7 d) e
      1That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )
      0 F; F! u  U8 A9 \" f2The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) , |& d9 s' ]+ H: d8 }8 C5 [4 c# d( S
      3Is this _________ watch? ( you ) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 9 Q* r8 ?2 U3 V7 t' m
      4_________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) $ l9 C/ O, X. ^3 z2 P, P0 i
      5_________ dresses are red. ( we ) What colour are _________? ( you )
      / d7 t: L0 q+ N( C  c# e4 O! r5 J6Show _________ your kite, OK? ( they ) 2 ^3 i. Q7 `. I) h' `" y
      7I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. ( it )
      $ K, C4 S5 ~5 U5 Z; [8Are these ________ tickets? No, ________ are not _________. ________ aren’t here. ( they ) * P& g+ A! B" p  _9 Z
      9Shall _________ have a look at that classroom? That is _________ classroom. ( we ) : ], R: @7 @* w  m) o
      10_________ is my aunt. Do you know _________ job? _________is a nurse. ( she ) ( S* j6 ]2 e5 z7 b. p2 v8 d% k
      11Where are _________? I can’t find _________. Let’s call _________ parents. ( they ) $ {, Y% s: s" z" [+ f
      12Don’t touch _________. _________is not a cat, _________ is a tiger! ( it )
      7 f: S3 `6 V/ W1 C13_________ sister is ill. Please go and see _________. ( she ) : z% T2 A& F+ M
      14The girl behind _________ is our friend. ( she )
      , [- {3 j2 U4 K" Y

      & p, p2 l* V7 k( Q& w( I' p% i
      五、形容詞、副詞
      " @) m5 U) B0 J8 s. g5 Y0 j1 {
      2 ?) B, ?8 W3 f
      1、形容詞表現(xiàn)某一事物某人的特點(diǎn),副詞表現(xiàn)某一動(dòng)作的特點(diǎn)。形容詞和副詞有三種情勢(shì):本相、比擬

      8 c; \* @- }' _- q: v. J$ J; `' v
      級(jí)、第一流。比擬級(jí):+er  第一流:the …+est
      2 L8 w; e) i( i* T. h7 Q
      兩個(gè)主要特點(diǎn):as……as中心必定用本相,than的前面必定要+er。/ r6 d& t+ e6 h( M+ y; j
      2、形容詞、副詞比擬級(jí)的規(guī)矩變更如下:
      + o3 o+ F( X  g6 `  e1)一般直接+er。如:tall - taller, fast - faster   單音節(jié)詞假如以-e結(jié)尾,只加-r。如:late - later1 ^% d' t: ]' B" F
      2)重讀閉音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個(gè)子音字母,須雙寫這個(gè)字母,再加-er。如:big - bigger, fat - fatter, [. n- m, C) ?7 M2 S( x; B
      3)以子音字母加-y結(jié)尾的詞,變yi,再加-er。如:heavy - heavier, early - earlier
      # w% J# J) ^+ X$ \) H. Z4)雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞的比擬級(jí)應(yīng)在原級(jí)前加more組成。如:beautiful - more beautiful,
      2 x: p( {) u2 N/ u$ C% h     careful - more careful, quietly - more quietly, interesting - more interesting6 G% O+ \" E( J( N8 o* N
      5)有些不規(guī)矩變更的,須一一加以記憶。如:good/well – better, bad/ill – worse, many/much – more, far – farther/further, old – older/elder…
      " }% |# ~& t3 m0 ~' \" `) g# v
      , `, C2 `& |' Q* S5 G. t
      練一練:
      ! D; i0 n  u8 R9 N1、寫出下列形容詞、副詞的比擬級(jí)。
      4 w8 K( J% Q6 u* }6 a+ o0 Fbig                    good                   long                    tall                     old               - c9 a/ A! L9 U' V; m
      short                  thin                    heavy                   young                  fat              8 |6 B& F9 i; B7 E
      light                  strong                   high                    far                     low              
      $ W2 d# j1 [, cearly                  late                     well                    fast                    slow   

      . Q" ]$ ]* b: H3 c

      9 m. l( Q5 @0 r" c1 g% Y5 u
      2、用括號(hào)內(nèi)亂所給單詞的恰當(dāng)情勢(shì)填空。
      * @) H# k; A, r4 I8 \1) I can swim as _______ ( fast ) as the fish, I think.
      . u# D& x4 j. `1 W) {. p, Q, J2) Look! His hands are _______  ( big ) than mine.
      , s  l! ^! c8 }0 M1 P3 u- T3) I think you do these things_______ ( well ) than your classmates.
      : O% G( A' A1 Q0 p4) Whose bag is _______ ( heavy ), yours or mine?
      ' K* v' J! t: F6 i! T# C1 T5) Does Jim run as _______slow ) as David? Yes, but Mike runs_______ ( slow ) than them.
      2 @( s! G% `. G9 \6) You have seven books, but I have _______ ( many ) than you. I ha ve ten.
      7 [0 H: H7 N: d' B6 F8 c7) I jump _______ ( far ) than some of the boys in my class.
      8 [* K9 q; x1 k$ M5 |  g6 V6 B8) I’m very_______ ( thin ), but she’s _______ ( thin ) than me.! \0 n! n, b: U+ l5 L( s1 V
      9) It gets _______and_______ ( warm ) when spring comes here.
      8 O6 Z3 k7 `( z% }/ S
      : k- V6 D/ x# r% A6 ]" F
      $ [0 @+ r3 v3 k
      $ d% B& V' m$ e( w& E8 f3 Z
      $ r' d6 w2 r' I6 F

      4 @; `9 I9 h/ I" D( [

      ' y! k4 F. L$ ^, {

      5 ]" Z; Q- z* {- l( O7 X5 w; G
      / l0 w  [* ^, B$ Y3 b6 }& `7 T
      0 h# w$ D1 N2 R, f+ a
      六、介  

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      9 c0 O' \  C, \& V; e8 g
      1、一種虛詞。不克不及零丁作句子成分,它只有跟它后面的賓語一路組成介詞短語,才干在句子中起感化。

      , W, I$ r# [% O$ P; I5 J2 o% f7 X
      有:in, on, under, with, behind, about, near, before, after, for, to, up, down, from, in front of, out of,

      - V. K% ~1 q. N! P
      from…to…, at the back of…
      . r" ^( M3 z1 N/ a0 m" ~6 Y$ L+ A3 ?8 j2、表現(xiàn)時(shí)光的介詞有:at, on, in。(1at表現(xiàn)在某一個(gè)具體的時(shí)光點(diǎn)上,或用在固定詞組中。如:at ten  
      + M0 F0 z7 u& g0 H+ t1 y
      o’clock, at 9:30 a.m., at night, at the weekend…2on表現(xiàn)在某日或某日的時(shí)光段。如:on Friday, on the
      / ?7 w& z( O- n+ ~
      first of October, on Monday morning…3in表現(xiàn)在某一段時(shí)光(月份、季候)里。如:in the afternoon,

      ) u+ v8 W( c# x" Z
      in September, in summer, in 2005…' k" p3 W; p9 @* z  }9 y
      3、in一詞還有其他的固定搭配,如:in blue(穿戴藍(lán)色的衣服),in English(用英語表達(dá)),take part in(參

      # w% _! Q7 H2 u
      加)。& l1 G( @( r# b2 }

      9 E6 Z5 q/ i, l! F  O9 `6 o
      : E- g9 w+ m9 T, v) O
      練一練:
      , T# H% ^, V; C9 \% A: v1、選用括號(hào)內(nèi)亂適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~填空。% k9 W, r! W% q3 C
      1) What’s this _______ ( at, on, in ) English?
      9 i. Z) O; ]- ?! n9 K9 k2) Christmas is _______ ( at, on, in ) the 25th of December., E. J# U3 m8 m: H& |4 h4 U
      3) The man_______ ( with, on, in ) black is Su Hai’s father.
      6 n8 j* `2 |6 [; r5 O; B# n4) He doesn’t do well  _______ ( at, on, in ) PE.
      , o5 r. c7 Q% p' K5) Look at those birds  _______ ( on, in ) the tree.
        Q  x4 p3 c1 ]* y; A6) We are going to meet  _______ ( at, on, in ) the bus stop  _______ ( at, on, in ) half past ten.# b" d0 S! P( [4 L! G4 `) m5 e
      7) Is there a cat    _______ ( under, behind, in ) the door?1 l$ v! a9 C  p0 L( |# g
      8) Helen’s writing *** is  _______ ( in, in front of ) her computer.
      2 g( b2 m- l, |4 r  a  `  D) o9) We live _______ ( at, on, in ) a new house now.
      8 _$ v  p9 c- d+ p10) Does it often rain   _______ ( at, on, in ) spring there?* S0 }0 W" Y; e! [
      2、圈出下列句子中應(yīng)用不適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,并將準(zhǔn)確的謎底寫在橫線上。
      6 `( [" e/ w# l' ]1) Jim is good in English and Maths.               2) The films were in the ground just now.         
      5 g& Z7 N/ Q) {7 t$ G5 O3) They are talking to their plans.                4) How many students have their birthdays on May?           ! A9 g/ u' l0 Q. Y( N! _
      5) Women’s Day is at the third of March.           6) I can jog to school on the morning.           & w9 L. b/ K- i: ]* k9 K" {, N/ I
      7) Did you water trees at the farm?                8) Can you come and help me on my English?           9 D7 ?8 p9 G! Y* R" v4 p
      9) I usually take photos in Sunday morning.       10) What did you do on the Spring Festival?           
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